In Dhartimata (1939), Pankaj Mullick composed Duniya rang rangeeli baba, sung by KC Dey, Uma Shashi and K L Saigal.

From farmers singing in the fields to kids learning classical music in schools, from boatmen and fishermen to the Rabindra Sangeet, from Vaishnavi kirtans to Baul songs Bengalis love their music.

Every state has its own genres, forms and styles of music both folk and rustic music as well as elite and urbane.

We love the thumris and the ghazals, we jig to the bhangra and the lavani.

The rice fields filled with water run along the train tracks.

Pic: Amitava Nag).

Uttar Pradesh would be brown mostly, wide fields and clutches of trees here and there and then as you enter Bihar you notice the distinctly red soil.

And the moment you enter Bengal it is remarkably green a few small houses, canopied under a cluster of khajoor trees and a little pond in front.

This was the typical landscape which gave a green and serene feel.

We will take you through a few glimpses of these influences that started right from the inception of the talkies and continue till today.

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyays Vande Mataram was simultaneously fueling the patriotic fervor.

Nitin Bose along with his brother Mukul Bose and music directors RC Boral and Pankaj Mullick introduced the pre-recorded song in the Bengali film Bhagya Chakra and its Hindi version Dhoop Chaaon.

Sudarshan KC Dey.

Director Nitin Bose was the first to introduce playback singing in Indian cinema.

However, the trend of singer-actors continued and it would take more than a decade for independent playback singers to come in full force.

Western orchestration was introduced in the interlude music.

The piano and the accordion replaces harmonium in the background with tonga beats we all know OP Nayyar borrowing the tonga beats and using very successfully in the 1950s.

He is corrected by his gang, Guru, guru, guru, Anuradha nahin Bindu, Bindu.

The films songs were superhit but steeped in Vaishnavi keertan and lyrics full of imagery.

Kanan Devi with her typical Bengali lilt became the number one singer-star of New Theatres on par with K L Saigal with the popularity of Vidyapati s songs.

In an article for Silhouette music collector Srinivas Ganti, quoted one of his music collector friends Khawar Sahabs sweeping statement, Lata ke saare gaane ek taraf aur Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu ke gaane ek taraf.

The unusual thing in this remarkable songis the fine and early mix of recited and sung poetry achieved by Saigal even as the music plays on throughout.

Music direction was by Pankaj Mullick and lyrics were by Kidar Sharma.

Its arguably the best thumri ever found in cinema, writes Manek Premchand.

RC Borals music and Arzoo Lukhnowis lyrics, the year 1938).

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